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Ontario G3 Gas Technician exam preparation

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Gas Properties and Conversions for the G3 Exam

The figures that appear on nearly every attempt. Learn these cold and a meaningful share of the exam becomes free marks.

Natural gas and propane compared

PropertyNatural gasPropane
Heat content~1,000 Btu/ft³~2,520 Btu/ft³
Specific gravity~0.55 — lighter than air~1.52 — heavier than air
Flammability limits4% – 14%2.4% – 9.5%
Boiling point−162 °C / −260 °F−42 °C / −44 °F
Air for combustion~10 ft³ per ft³ gas~25 ft³ per ft³ gas
Maximum CO₂11.9%13.7%

Air is taken as 1.00 for specific gravity. That single line explains why a natural gas leak collects at ceiling level and a propane leak collects at floor level — a distinction the exam tests in several forms.

Pressure conversions

Temperature

Other figures that recur

Common questions

What is the specific gravity of natural gas?

Roughly 0.55, which makes it lighter than air. Propane vapour is about 1.52 and therefore heavier than air, which is why the two behave so differently when they escape.

What are the flammability limits of natural gas and propane?

Natural gas burns between roughly 4% and 14% in air. Propane is narrower and lower, at roughly 2.4% to 9.5%.

How much air is needed to burn natural gas?

About 10 cubic feet of air per cubic foot of natural gas. Propane needs far more — about 25 cubic feet per cubic foot of gas.

How many inches of water column are in 1 PSI?

1 PSI equals 27.68 inches water column. Going the other way, 1 inch water column is about 0.0361 PSI.

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